Standard-Modern is still in business and makes great lathes from 13 to 26" including CNC versions. I believe they're still made in Canada and available in the US. They were the standard (no pun intended) lathe in many school shops for years. Loads of used ones available.
http://www.standard-modern.com/index.html
South Bend is still making lathes as well. My 9" was built in 1926 and still works well.
http://www.southbendlathe.com/