Sure just use a microprocessor without integrated peripherals
Need to watch your terminology here.
I wonder if digital logic is outside your request or just integrated computing.
You can build analog speed controls.
They can be adjusted with potentiometers.
They can recieve from various radio modulations.
I have done it before for non-FIRST application.
An analog speed control can still pulse the motor like the FIRST speed controls.
So an analog speed control need not be resistive or linear to the motor.
However analog speed controls suffer from temperature and noise limits (drift).
Thermistors help with temperature but only to a point.
It is entirely possible to fly an actual plane with analog electronics.
If integrated circuits are still allowed within your scope it is even easier and smaller.
Then you have tiny operational amplifiers.
If digital logic is allowed take a good look at the 555 timer.
I won a contest in highschool driving hobby servos without their board using 558 IC.
I only implemented a single joystick then but I could have made 2.
You can drive a PWM input with merely simple timers like the 555 using PWM.
It is possible you just need to tinker a bit.
See Analog Systems:
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly-by-wire