Pneumatics are interesting.
Quick basic rule:
Pounds per Square inch * Area in sq. inches = Pound Force
PSI * Area[sq in] = F
Attached is a decent cutaway of a cylinder.
On a 2" Bore cylinder, the area (pi*r²) of the Bore-end is pi*(1²), or roughly 3.14 sq. inches.
Your maximum PSI at the cylinders is 60 PSI.
60 * 3.14 = 188.4 lbf
Meaning the cylinder can push OUT 188.4 lbs.
When retracting, the area of the Rod must be subtracted from the total area.
From the Pneumatics Manual, the rod diamter is .625", therfore radius is .3125"
So now you go:
Area Bore - Area Rod
pi*(1²) - pi*(.3125²)
pi - pi * .09765625
pi - .306... = 2.834 sq. inches
now again we do PSI * Area
60 * 2.834 = 170.04
(Note, the values for the other cylinders, as well as this one, are listed on pg. 12 of the
Pneumatics Manual This is so you know WHY and HOW MUCH, not just HOW MUCH the cylinders can hold).
As put in the thread about pneumatics holding their air when power is cut..
A double solenoid valve will continue stay in the state which it was at before power was cut. If the tubing was set for Extended, it will stay extended. and vice versa.
A single solenoid valve will always return to it's default state. The valve uses an electromagnet to switch from ON to "Not ON" (Different from OFF). Note: regardless of how you are positioned when power is cut, the solenoid will go to the "Not ON" state.