diobsidian,
I've heard the first, so I won't answer.
As for the second, you forgot to disclaim that the person can't carry more then reasonably possible, or something like that. For example, FizMan's answer is the most efficient way to get 2, but if you want 3, all you have to do is start with 130. Or for 4, start with 258.
Another thing of interest is that if you were to start with 1, you'd cut it in half for the first guard, and then he'd have to somehow give you 1, and you'd have 1.5. After the next guard, you'd have 1.75. If there was an infinite number of guards, you would have 2, but it would probably be spoiled from having been cut open so long
