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Originally Posted by sudeepr71
What exactly is a encoder?
And how can I use it to measure the speed of the robot?
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There are a few different kinds of encoders. What most people here are talking about are "rotary shaft encoders", which can tell you the angular position of a rotating shaft. Usually that's done by counting pulses as it turns. Some encoders have thousands of steps per rotation, giving a very precise measurement. At the other end of the precision scale, last year's TechnoKat robot used six black stripes on the wheel hubs with Banner sensors to measure wheel rotation.
To measure the speed, you just use the difference in position between two measurements at different times.