Loctite does make a product that will work. It's called retaining compound and we use it at work for the same thing. On our injection molding robots the gears are glued onto the gearbox shafts with a press fit and the retaining compound. The retaining compound part number is 638. I have my Loctite catalog right here and this is what it says about 638 "A maximum strength retaining compound for use where high dynamic force or cyclic loading is expected. Locks cylindrical assemblies up to .010" diameter clearance. Fixtures in 5 minutes. The shear strength steel/steel is 4500 lbs." The retaining compound is dark green and smells like vinegar. When you're done putting the gears onto the shafts it smells like you were dying Easter eggs!
The primer is #7471 "A solvent based primer that speeds the cure of all Loctite brand anaerobic adhesives and ensures proper cure on inactive metals.