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Originally Posted by Commander07
What exactly is the Gear-tooth sensor used for?
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It's for detecting the passage of gear teeth past the sensor. Its output turns on and off in step with the metal teeth going by. When it is connected to a digital input on the Robot Controller, the software can set things up to count the pulses and thus tell how far the gear has turned in a given amount of time. It's useful for speed and/or position feedback on a motor.
Last year the TechnoKats used gear tooth sensors on the output of each gearbox for the drive wheels. In autonomous mode, that let the robot know how far it was traveling and how much it was turning, so it could control its motors to get to where it needed to be. I know a few teams used them to monitor and adjust the shooter wheel speed.