[Al Skierkiewicz]

Josh,
The 48 volt version of the Victor is part number 48 HV, not an 884 as is used on First robots. You are correct that they are $200.

To get this straight, you wish to use the motors linked above that are pullouts from an antique machine. If the curves you linked to are to be believed, this motor can be run at 12 volts with no cooling and a much slower output (less than 1000 RPM) and lower torque (~120 in/oz). You can get higher output torque but you will need to cool the motors during operation.
Have you tested the motors yet at any voltage to see if they actually work? A few of the critical problems with motors of this type is the brush wear, commutator contamination, and magnet structure reduction in field strength. If this was a working machine with these motors when the boards burned up, it may have been caused by motor failure for one of the above problems. I hate to be the bearer of bad news on this.