Properties of MDF...

[Cody Carey]

I am looking for a readout of the Engineering properties for Medium Density Fiberboard, something like the McMaster-Carr cataloger has. Tensile and Impact strength are all I really need... so if anyone has a link that they could show me, I would much appreciate it I have looked and looked, but can't find anything, Thank you.


-Cody

[Kevin Sevcik]

A flurry of links:
A powerpoint in PDF form
A table
One company's specs

So there you are. MOR = Modulus of Rupture which is similar to ultimate tensile strength. MOE = Modulus of Elasticity, which I trust you understand. Internal Bond is the strength of the bonding agent holding the laminate together. No values for impact strength, I'm afraid.

Please remember this is a laminate you're working with and your standard homogenous, isotropic material models probably won't apply as accurately as you'd like.

[gblake]

I suppose you thought of this already, but just in case... You could buy a piece (or ask for a free sample) and test it....

[nerd_dad]

MDF is unnecessarily heavy and tends to soak up moisture. It also tends to creep under load.

It's definitely cheap, but unless you need its good qualities (dimensional accuracy, sound absorption, isotropic properties), I'd stay away from it. Plywood is much, much better, especially the expensive kind made from Baltic/Russian birch (often sold in 5'x5' boards) or maple (ApplePly, a trademarked name).

[slickguy2007]

We used MDF as the flooring at Monty Madness. If you have any questions you can PM me.

They took a beating during the event and came out in pretty good condition. If you put tape onto the MDF and put a heavy load on top of that, when you rip up the tape it damages the MDF a bit.

[DonRotolo]

Originally Posted by slickguy2007

when you rip up the tape it damages the MDF a bit.

...and heaven knows there was a LOT of tape. Especially that annoying blue stuff, which ripped instead of coming off. Quite an experience recycling about, what 4 thousand feet of tape??

OTOH, Monty Madness was excellent, I really hope you guys do it again this coming season.

Don

[nerd_dad]

In case you can't tell, I hate MDF. It's a necessary evil if you want the really smooth surface, especially if you get the melamine-faced material often used for kitchen cabinets. Every time I use it (for jigs and such), I end up wishing I had splurged for hardwood plywood.

It's about 25% heavier than hardwood plywood, perhaps more like 50% heavier than softwood ply. It's sort of homogenous and isotropic, except that the manufacturing process (pressing fibers into sheets) means that it's not quite as dense in the center.

Unless it's made with an exterior glue, it tends to be a sponge for finishes or spilled liquids. It also tends to chew up tools, even with carbide-tipped blades and bits.

In terms of strength, it tends to suffer compared to plywood, especially when density is factored in. The Hardwood Plywood and Veneer Association claims that it's stronger than steel pound-for-pound -- remember that they used to make airplanes from really high-quality plywood. You can buy aero-grade plywood, I believe, which has many more layers (the "ply" in plywood) than regular construction-grade material. If you want extreme performance, you can even make your own plywood (or specify it for someone else) with special orientations for the layers -- instead of alternating 90 degrees between plys, you can set up 30-60-90 layups with somewhat different directionally dependent properties.

In fact, given aluminum's many shortcomings (relatively poor strength/toughness in many alloys, weldability, etc), I personally think that you could make a pretty darned good robot chassis with high-quality plywood. (If it was good enough for Howard Hughes and the Spruce Goose....)

Besides weight, MDF tends to have creep (or "set") problems. Under load for a long time, panels will develop permanent bends. Plywood does this as well, but not nearly as badly. If you're used to materials like steel and aluminum (at room temperature), this can cause real trouble for critical structural components.

If you have to use it, consider trying to find a big MDF wholesaler who will have the less-common varieties with reduced weight, increased strength, exterior glues, etc. The big box stores all sell the same cheap stuff, but if you can find the right source, you can address specific shortcomings.

In short, it's cheap, heavy, absorbent, and has good surface/dimensional consistency. Unless you really need one or more of these properties, you'd be much better off with solid wood or plywood. Wood and wood-based composites (plywood) are often quite competitive with high-tech materials like graphite/epoxy or fiberglass-reinforced polyester.

Way more than you wanted to know about wood as an engineering material:

http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/

[Cody Carey]

Wow, Thank you.


I am actually making a Subwoofer box (or two), and needed to compare the properties of MDF and lexan, to see if I could substitute one for the other. After doing so, I went ahead and bought a 4x8 sheet of MDF to construct the box with.
I have another quick question...
Having to fit in the trunk of my car, the box I am making is a very odd shape, and therefore I am having trouble laying out the patterns for the individual side panels of the box on a single 4x8 sheet of wood. Does anyone know of a program or another easy way to do this, aside from making cardboard templates? Something that makes sheetmetal foldouts might help, but I am having trouble finding a program like that...

Any help is appreciated, and thank you A LOT for all that I have recieved so far


-Cody C

[Jack Jones]

Urea-formaldehyde resin along with the very fine dust particles make MDF hard on your lungs. Wear respiratory protection when cutting it.

[Andrew Blair]

As an unrelated but interesting sidenote, MDF's porosity means that you can utilize it on a vaccuum table.

No need to set foam in channels or make jigs for oddly shaped pieces- you can simply lay the board down on the table and if your piece is sufficiently smooth and not porous (Corian works great- i'd imagine lexan and aluminum work too), your piece will hold right down. And you can cut into it, typically without losing your piece.

We did this with our wood shop's router. Works great.