Step 1: Drill a 1/4in hole 3/4in deep into the center of the output shaft
Step 2: Use a hacksaw to cut down the center of the shaft to the same depth as the hole.
Step 3: Assemble VersaPlanetary and mount onto robot.
Step 3: Put a 1/2in hex shaft collar around the end of the shaft.
Step 4: Cut a piece of thin polycarb and drill a 3/8in hole near one end.
Step 5: Use a nut to screw an
incremental encoder,
absolute encoder, single turn potentiometer*, or
10 turn potentiometer into the hole in the polycarb.
Step 6: Insert shaft of sensor into hole in the output shaft.
Step 7: Tighten shaft collar.
Step 8: Attach the loose end of the polycarb to any nearby piece of the robot.
We did this on 9 out of 11 of the VersaPlanetaries on our robot. It was so simple, and just worked. Should accomplish what you want fairly well.
*I don't have the link for where we bought these, but I doubt it would be difficult to find them with the right shaft size.