Aluminum

[ChuckDickerson]

What types of aluminum does your team use and where do you get it?

We have most often used 6061-T6 (round tube, angle, and flat bar) and 6063-T52 box tube. For some reason I have never been able to find box tubing in anything other than 6063-T52. Is anything else readily available in box tube?

Since we do not have a local metal supplier we order from online places like Online Metals or Metals Depot but they can be expensive.

Are there any different alloys that teams find especially useful? If so where do you get it?

[Cory]

Originally Posted by DeepWater

What types of aluminum does your team use and where do you get it?

We have most often used 6061-T6 (round tube, angle, and flat bar) and 6063-T52 box tube. For some reason I have never been able to find box tubing in anything other than 6063-T52. Is anything else readily available in box tube?

Since we do not have a local metal supplier we order from online places like Online Metals or Metals Depot but they can be expensive.

Are there any different alloys that teams find especially useful? If so where do you get it?

you should be able to get box tube in 6061.

We use primarily 1x2 6061 for our frame (1/8" and 1/16 wall thickness), and round stock for our wheels.

We also use 7075 for our wheel shafts, and probably lots more this year.

We buy most of the metal from our local metal supplier.

[ChuckDickerson]

Originally Posted by Cory

you should be able to get box tube in 6061.

We also use 7075 for our wheel shafts, and probably lots more this year.

McMaster lists 6061 box tube so I guess it does exist. Have you had any failure issues with your 7075 axles? I have considered 7075 axles for weight but have always chickened out and gone with steel. What diameter have you used? Last year we went with the IFI traction wheels with 3/8" ID bearings and thus 3/8" G8 bolts for dead axles. Do you think 3/8" 7075 dead axles hold up in competition?

[Cory]

Originally Posted by DeepWater

McMaster lists 6061 box tube so I guess it does exist. Have you had any failure issues with your 7075 axles? I have considered 7075 axles for weight but have always chickened out and gone with steel. What diameter have you used? Last year we went with the IFI traction wheels with 3/8" ID bearings and thus 3/8" G8 bolts for dead axles. Do you think 3/8" 7075 dead axles hold up in competition?

They should. We used 1/2" axles with the ends milled down with a 7/16" hex for our wheel and sprocket to mount to. Haven't had a single problem. We also used 7075 for a series of ~1.5 foot shafts in our conveyor system this year. With 7 shafts at 1.5' ea, we'd have been looking at 10.5 feet of 1/2" steel shaft otherwise.

Using aluminum in certain areas instead of steel is pretty much the only reason we made weight last year.

[Ben Piecuch]

I know that there's been a discussion about axle diameter before. Search and see what else you can find. Depending on your drive setup, your shaft requirements will vary considerably. If you use a cantilevered setup, you'll need a much stronger/stiffer axle vs. a double supported shaft.

For a double supported shaft, I would recommend the following:
Steel axles: 3/8"
Aluminum axles:1/2" minimum

For a cantilevered setup, you'll have to analyze your specific arrangement, as the longer the cantilever, the stronger/stiffer an axle you'll need. Also, if you look at the weight difference b/w a 1/2" and 3/4" aluminum axle, you'll find that there isn't too much of a difference, when comparing it to the 120lbs you have in total.

YMMV, good luck.

BEN

[sanddrag]

Our frame for the past three years has been 6063 box tubing because that's all the local supplier stocks. Works just fine, never had a problem, and polishes pretty nicely. On occassion, we'll get metal from McMaster or other online source if it is something we need that the local place doesn't stock. We used 6061 axles this past year. they were cantilevered out a fair distance. Bearings were <1" apart. Axle was 5/8" dia between the bearings and 1/2" for the rest. The only problem we've evperienced with 6061 axles is the keyway getting some backlash after a while.

[ChuckDickerson]

Originally Posted by sanddrag

The only problem we've evperienced with 6061 axles is the keyway getting some backlash after a while.

Did you use a single 1/8" key? Would using 2 or 4 opposing keyways 180° or 90° around the axles help distribute the force and reduce the wear?

[Madison]

We use 6061-T6 Aluminum for most things and order through OnlineMetals.com -- though we don't have to wait for it to be shipped since they're based in Seattle. We'll get some scrap 5052 from some other places in town when we're in a pinch or when they'll donate it to the team.

Typically, I design around 1x1x1/6" tubing and all plating that needn't house a bearing is 3/16". This season, I'm trying to expand my repetoire, so I'm working with 3x1x1/8" rectangular tubing, 3x1x1/8" channel and other extrusions.

[Dick Linn]

Find a local supplier and see if you can't feed off their scrap heap. Unless it is critical, most common aluminum alloys should be adequate. How about calling Ricky's Welding & Machine Shop in Vicksburg at a quiet time and have a heart-to-heart talk with them. 638-8238. I'm sure there are others - just look them up in the yellow pages. You'd be surprised what they can do for you if you are sincere.

[KTorak]

We use 8020, more specifically the 1010 series. But we can get our hands on anything in the 8020 catalog for free. <3 our sponsor...our wildest dreams come true!

[Gabe]

Originally Posted by KTorak

We use 8020, more specifically the 1010 series. But we can get our hands on anything in the 8020 catalog for free. <3 our sponsor...our wildest dreams come true!

8020? Don't aluminum alloys only go up to the 7x series? Also, isn't the 1x series close to chemically pure aluminum and therefore very soft? (Reference: McMaster-Carr and Machinery's Handbook)


[Edit] 8020 = 80/20. That could not have been more obvious. (This is what sleep deprivation does to you)

[sanddrag]

Originally Posted by Gabe

8020? Don't aluminum alloys only go up to the 7x series? Also, isn't the 1x series close to chemically pure aluminum and therefore very soft? (Reference: McMaster-Carr and Machinery's Handbook)

www.8020.net

[maclaren]

We try to use 7075 plate whenever we have to machine things out on the mill.

We use 6061 or 6063 when ever we have to weld things together because 7075 is difficult to weld.

As for axles we have actually used 5/8" aluminum tube dead axles on our 2004 bot and never had any issues with the axles or wheels. The wheels never had any slop and ran smoothly the whole time. I think that the wall was .090" thick. We had the axle mounts directly butted up to our flanged plain bearings that were pressed into our wheel hubs so there was practically no unsupport length and next to no torsional load (only the friction from the bearings).

We typically get most of our aluminum from either our local steel supplier or scrap metal yard or order it from mcmaster-carr. Hopefully this year we can talk to a local aluminum mill thats about 1 hour away about donating so aluminum.

[Gary Dillard]

Keep in mind that welded 6xxx aluminum loses 75% of its yield strength (9ksi versus 35ksi) in the heat effected zone. Be sure and overdesign the joints.

[Tristan Lall]

Originally Posted by Gabe

8020? Don't aluminum alloys only go up to the 7x series? Also, isn't the 1x series close to chemically pure aluminum and therefore very soft? (Reference: McMaster-Carr and Machinery's Handbook)

Actually, there is an 8000 series, reserved for alloying with "other elements". The 9000 series is unused. See MMPDS-01.

Originally Posted by Gary Dillard

Keep in mind that welded 6xxx aluminum loses 75% of its yield strength (9ksi versus 35ksi) in the heat effected zone. Be sure and overdesign the joints.

There are also some good tips on welding aluminum at Lincoln Electric.