Penalties - which ones are most common?

[Eugene Fang]

Originally Posted by ay2b

In San Diego, the most frequent penalty was G46 (a ball more than 3" into the frame, most frequently getting trapped under the robot).

How long does a ball have to get stuck before the ref calls it "trapped?" Does landing on a ball after driving over the bump, but getting off of it in a reasonable amount of time (like 2 seconds) count as a penalty?