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Inspired by Team Paradox, WCD done in Solidworks
Drop is 1/8inch with 4inch wheels, gearboxes are based on Toughbox guts in custom slide plates.
No welding anywhere, everything bolts together.
Would love feed back/comments/questions, this time with a WCD.
13-12-2011 10:49
Chris is meGreat job!
I bet the gussets could be 1/8" thick instead of 1/4" and still hold up.
I would add some kind of cross bracing connecting the two gearboxes together. This will make your whole frame more rigid and provide those gearboxes and CIMs with much needed support.
13-12-2011 11:19
JesseKDitto Chris for the transmission support. 1/8" plate, bent at the proper angles and bolted to the front of the transmission and joining at the top of the side rails may solve it.
13-12-2011 11:33
JamesCH95Looks like a good start!
I would seriously consider riveting a belly pan made of thin sheet (0.030" aluminum or 0.040" polycarbonate maybe) to the entire bottom of the frame and omitting the bottom gussets. This will be a nice place to mount electronics and other components as well as stiffening and strengthening the frame substantially. Ditto on making the gussets thinner also.
13-12-2011 11:58
Mk.32Thanks for the feedback!
Slight updated version, bigger standoffs and nutted/bolted.

The gussets currently are 3/16, so 1/8th would hold up just as well?
And replacing the bottom gussets with a poly carb bell pan sounds like a good idea.
I am thinking of using this: http://www.andymark.com/product-p/am-0836.htm
Also I am debating between using eClips or threaded ends on the shafts to hold the wheels in place, would you would guys recommend?
13-12-2011 12:11
Thad House
One idea I would have would be to move the center sprockets to inside the transmission plates. This way the outer transmission plate could be touching the chassis which would give much more support to the gearboxes.
13-12-2011 13:06
Mk.32|
One idea I would have would be to move the center sprockets to inside the transmission plates. This way the outer transmission plate could be touching the chassis which would give much more support to the gearboxes.
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13-12-2011 13:21
Thad House
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This was something I thought about but the reason why I didn't do it was because the gearboxes are fully based on the toughboxes. If I changed the layout of the gearbox (moving the sprockets inside), it would mean we would need to make custom shafts and I want to keep machining down as much as possible.
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13-12-2011 13:27
Mk.32Oh I will definitely look into that, thanks!
13-12-2011 14:19
JamesCH95I notice that you have some rather serious looking fasteners going all the way though the transmission and frame tube. I would suggest making those fasteners smaller. Graded 1/4-20 bolts will be plenty strong enough, even graded 10-24 fasteners would work fine.
I would also suggest having either an insert in the frame tube to transmit clamping loads from the bolt, or have a clearance hole on the outside tube wall and have the bolt only clamp to the inside tube wall. Otherwise it becomes easy to bend or crush the tube with zealous tightening.
13-12-2011 14:35
Mk.32They are 1/2-13, I wasn't sure how well 1/4-20s would hold so I went big... but I guess it wasn't needed.
I will make the outsides holes, clearance holes in the next revision for sure.
13-12-2011 15:06
JamesCH95|
They are 1/2-13, I wasn't sure how well 1/4-20s would hold so I went big... but I guess it wasn't needed.
I will make the outsides holes, clearance holes in the next revision for sure. |
14-12-2011 00:43
Mk.32After taking all the feed back, here is another go:

Gearboxes are now mounted right on the frame with AM SS shafts.
Poly Carb belly pan replaces the lower gussets.
Weighs about 33 LBS.
14-12-2011 16:53
BrendanBLooks very nice! To add stability between the transmissions, I'd recommend the cross hex tube from AM that comes in the kit. Extremely light and with a 1/4-20 tap they will attach right where the nuts are on the tops of the gearboxes.
14-12-2011 17:29
Mk.32I think we do have a few of those shafts left over, sounds like a good idea.
Now all there is left is building it...
14-12-2011 17:51
AdamHeard
I always like seeing a quality base come together, especially with someone so willing and immediate at/to implement suggested changes.
The corner gussets could be 1/16" if you wanted to save some weight, but 1/8" certainly isn't too heavy and is easier to sell to doubting team members.
Definitly change the bolts on those gussets to rivets.
Incorporate from the get go a very rigid bellypan (as you have no internal crossmembers). Metal is nice but can be heavy unless very thing or heavily pocketed. I'd reccomend g-10/fr4 garolite from mcmaster for a VERY strong and light material that also happens to come in glossy black.
I like the changes you made to the gearbox mounting.
Can we get a close up and/or section view of the outer wheel/shaft/bearing block setup? There is a LOT that can be done right/wrong there that really make or break such a system.
On the same note, what are your plans for tensioning?
The reason the gearboxes are somewhat weakly mounted is if you view them completely from the front/back of the robot. They create a moment tryign to peel them off from teh frame, and you only have bolts at one elevation to react this. You really want bolts at two different heights (it deosn't have to be much) to react this. Our bolts are only .75" apart vertically and hold up just fine.
Ditto earlier comments about #10-32's being adequate, our entire drive uses nothing but.
Keep working guys! Very exciting to see, and you're on your way to a very nice drive.
14-12-2011 18:49
Bob SteeleThe key to making a six wheel drive work properly is the stiffness of the frame.
I echo the belly pan idea...if you have access to a waterjet it can be done very nicely...
In the absence of a belly pan you might consider cross members... but remember the frame must be really rigid... in all directions.
Another option to help your frame stay rigid is utilizing the bumpers as part of your rigidity... you might as well use them if you have to have them.
By engineering them into the frame...you can gain rigidity ...
take a look at the drive base we posted last week
(1983 is the team number)
We utilize a double side rail.. ours is not a West Coast drive like yours...
We also incorporated the bumpers and their mounting into the frame...legally.
I think too many teams don't think of the bumpers as part of the frame/drive base...rather they think of them as an add-on...
Think of them as integral from the beginning and you can lighten in other areas...
Nice looking CAD work!!
14-12-2011 18:56
craigboez
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Incorporate from the get go a very rigid bellypan (as you have no internal crossmembers). Metal is nice but can be heavy unless very thing or heavily pocketed. I'd reccomend g-10/fr4 garolite from mcmaster for a VERY strong and light material that also happens to come in glossy black.
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14-12-2011 19:41
AdamHeard
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I've heard others recommend this stuff too. Any particular thickness that you use? It looks spendy, but if it's worthwhile then it might be worth an order.
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14-12-2011 19:43
Mk.32Why rivets over bolts?
I have currently a 1/8 sheet of poly carb in place as the belly pan, is that not stiff enough?
For chain tension, there are pockets for the bolts/shaft in the bearing blocks to allow them to side .25inch.
I will get a photo of the bearing block step up later.
14-12-2011 20:00
BrendanB|
Why rivets over bolts?
I have currently a 1/8 sheet of poly carb in place as the belly pan, is that not stiff enough? For chain tension, there are pockets for the bolts/shaft in the bearing blocks to allow them to side .25inch. I will get a photo of the bearing block step up later. |
14-12-2011 20:05
BJCYou could probably move all the outer wheels a couple inches further out. They appear to be at least 8 inches inside the frame. Also, if the bumpers have to be all the way around the robot as in the last several years the need for the chassis extensions infront of the wheels diminishes except for as a bumper mount. Eliminating that and using the bumpers themselves solidly connected in the corners (such as a single piece bumper) allows you to place your wheels even further out.
Very nice looking chassis, Bryan
14-12-2011 20:24
BoroboI do not like the look of those gussets. The fact that the frame has no internal bracing and the gussets are so small and have so few holes I think might make it really structurally weak. I would definitely increase the number of holes in each gusset and make them longer so that there is more bracing in each corner. Also, I would recommend another member somewhere in the center.
14-12-2011 20:32
Chris is me
14-12-2011 21:39
Mk.32How big of a rivet? And I assume pop rivet?
14-12-2011 23:21
Marc S.We use 3/16" pop rivets. These are awesome because they go perfectly in a No.7 hole(clearance for a 10-32). The gussets seem OK in size just as long as your using a good belly pan. It might just be me but it looks like your using 1/8" wall end-rails, 1/16" is plenty strong there.
One thing that will keep your gearbox clean is getting rid of all unnecessary bolts. For instance the same bolt that holds the top of the motor in can also go through the top standoff. If your making these plates with a cnc or water-jet, you can round the corners and try doing some pocketing. If you go the cnc rout then making the plates identical will keep your (cnc)sponsers happy.
14-12-2011 23:40
Mk.32Would something like this for a belly pan be okay? http://www.andymark.com/product-p/am-0836.htm
15-12-2011 00:01
Andrew Schreiber|
We like 1/16th. Runs like $60 per robot and you get a LOT left over for other parts. Mcmaster btw.
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15-12-2011 06:27
Ninja_Bait|
How do you feel about plywood, yeah it is ugly but it is cheap. How effective do you feel it would be? I know that 1114's Kitbot on Steroids uses 3/4" plywood for their electronics mount.
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15-12-2011 07:42
JamesCH95|
Also important to this design - rivets are better in shear than bolts.
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How do you feel about plywood, yeah it is ugly but it is cheap. How effective do you feel it would be? I know that 1114's Kitbot on Steroids uses 3/4" plywood for their electronics mount.
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15-12-2011 08:07
LondonBoy29Looks really good and I am excited to see how it turns out and how successful it is.
15-12-2011 08:41
Ether
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How do you feel about plywood, yeah it is ugly but it is cheap. How effective do you feel it would be?
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15-12-2011 09:02
JesseK|
I don't have a link handy, but I recall seeing a recommendation to use thin plywood with fiberglass cloth bonded to it with resin. |
15-12-2011 09:46
Brandon Holley
The belly pan is the perfect place to use composites. Very rigid, very light, usually very thin and also non-conductive. I highly recommend a fiberglass or carbon fiber belly pan.
Making a composite panel yourself is also something just about any team with a vacuum pump can do.
-Brando
15-12-2011 09:49
Akash Rastogi|
The belly pan is the perfect place to use composites. Very rigid, very light, usually very thin and also non-conductive. I highly recommend a fiberglass or carbon fiber belly pan.
Making a composite panel yourself is also something just about any team with a vacuum pump can do. -Brando |
15-12-2011 09:55
thefro526
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Just make sure that if you use fiberglass for your bellypan that you're not 816 and have it end up being 8 pounds, un-lightened.
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15-12-2011 09:56
EricH
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I don't have a link handy, but I recall seeing a recommendation to use thin plywood with fiberglass cloth bonded to it with resin.
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I remember that too, somewhere. It might have been Baltic Birch though, which is a bit lighter than plywood and commonly comes in multiples of 1/4" thickness.
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An alternative to the 1/2" plywood would be to take a piece of 6mm or 1/4" birch plywood and laminate a layer of 5 - 6 OZ carbon fiber to it. You'll get a very ridged and impact resistant material. We do this for our electronics board and other parts. The goal being to introduce the students to some composite construction. You could make your own honey comb stuff but it is more difficult than the plywood and carbon.
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15-12-2011 10:02
Brandon Holley
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Just make sure that if you use fiberglass for your bellypan that you're not 816 and have it end up being 8 pounds, un-lightened.
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Was 8 pounds lightened, bro. 3/8" Thick Fiberglass Sheet Was Overkill for a bellypan, but you can't beat free.
(Until you're trying to figure out where you have 5lbs of weight that shouldn't be there.) |
15-12-2011 10:08
Akash Rastogi|
A nice think piece of birch wood wrapped in fiber, soaked in resin, and vacuumed should give a VERY rigid, VERY light belly pan. |
15-12-2011 10:17
JamesCH95|
The belly pan is the perfect place to use composites. Very rigid, very light, usually very thin and also non-conductive. I highly recommend a fiberglass or carbon fiber belly pan.
Making a composite panel yourself is also something just about any team with a vacuum pump can do. -Brando |
15-12-2011 10:41
Brandon Holley
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To expand on this a little...
Carbon fiber is conductive, so be careful when mounting electronics on or near it. A member of my FSAE team thought a carbon fiber battery cover would be awesome, right up until the battery got set the cover on fire! Decent composite panels can also be made with a clean, flat surface, a clean flat plate, and some weights. Though a proper vacuum setup is the way to go. You can also get mixed fiber composites to add a nice flair of color to your robot. |
15-12-2011 18:53
Ninja_Bait|
Care to elaborate on that? For example, I'd find it very hard to believe that a 1/4" pop rivet (steel or aluminum) is better in shear than the shank on a graded 1/4-20 bolt.
A properly designed and setup bolted joint can sustain more shear loading than the bolts themselves alone. The friction between the two parts, as generated by the clamping load of the threaded fastener, carries a substantial amount of load in addition to the bolts. Can the same be said for rivets? |
15-12-2011 19:23
AdamHeard
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How do you feel about plywood, yeah it is ugly but it is cheap. How effective do you feel it would be? I know that 1114's Kitbot on Steroids uses 3/4" plywood for their electronics mount.
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15-12-2011 21:12
Chris is me|
Was 8 pounds lightened, bro. 3/8" Thick Fiberglass Sheet Was Overkill for a bellypan, but you can't beat free.
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15-12-2011 21:57
Mk.32Someone asked for a photo of the bearing block, here it is.
Two 500 Hex Bearings press fit into 1/4 alum plates.
Bolt holes are pocketed so it slides about .25inch to allow for tensioning.

15-12-2011 23:02
JamesCH95|
I looked it up: Pop Rivets vs. Bolts
These are two kind of arbitrary sources, but it shows that while rivets are not quite as strong, they're comparable. The steel 1/4" rivet (shear: 2750 lbs.) beats Grade 2 1/4" bolts (shear:~2200 lbs.). However, the higher grades outmatch the rivets by a lot. |
16-12-2011 11:19
craigboez
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Someone asked for a photo of the bearing block, here it is.
Two 500 Hex Bearings press fit into 1/4 alum plates. Bolt holes are pocketed so it slides about .25inch to allow for tensioning. [/img] |
16-12-2011 15:50
Mk.32With 2 bolts and a shaft going though the blocks, they will be aligned when the bolts are tightened. I have seen this type of design before and it seems to work pretty well.
16-12-2011 15:59
AdamHeard
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With 2 bolts and a shaft going though the blocks, they will be aligned when the bolts are tightened. I have seen this type of design before and it seems to work pretty well.
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16-12-2011 16:38
Chris is me|
I've got my doubts about the two separate plates being able to adequately support the shaft. It would probably work, but it's going to put unnecessary excess load on the bearings and possibly deflect more.
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16-12-2011 17:33
AdamHeard
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We take a weight penalty by doing this, but this is why we just drill through a 1/8" extrusion and mount our bearings in a stationary manner. Precision milling multiple solid parts like the Poofs do and making them concentric is harder for us with our resources, so maybe it would be easier to do that and add floating tensioners or idlers.
To make up for the inefficiency of not necessarily being able to get a perfect chain tension, we switched to belts. This line of thought ultimately led to how we decided to make our "west coast" (east coast?) drive. |
16-12-2011 18:10
Mr. Van|
The assumption that the bearing blocks must be difficult to make is flawed. They can be dlne really simple and easy.
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16-12-2011 19:32
Andrew Schreiber|
The assumption that the bearing blocks must be difficult to make is flawed. They can be done really simple and easy.
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17-12-2011 00:12
Marc S.
17-12-2011 00:41
Mk.32Newb question but hat does the block add over the plates I used?
Isn't the bearings taking all the weight either way?
17-12-2011 00:46
AdamHeard
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I don't want to sound like a smart @ss, but a bearing block is just that, a block. Add a 1.125" hole through the middle(for the bearings), a couple of threaded holes to hold it all together and you basically have a bearing block. We add a .125" chamfer to fit in the filleted slot, and make it .010" under the width of the frame tubing to make sure it clamps. Check out our cad and you'll see what i'm talking about. Our bearing blocks can be machined on a standard mill no problem.
This is also how 60, 254,968, 1538, and many other WCD's are setup. |
17-12-2011 00:48
AdamHeard
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Newb question but hat does the block add over the plates I used?
Isn't the bearings taking all the weight either way? |
17-12-2011 00:56
Madison
Our experience has been that separate plates on either side of the rail on this type of drive do not work well. The tension in the chain tends to pull the axles at each end toward the center, creating toe on the wheels.
I'd argue that the bearing block design is the most important (and most overlooked) element in this sort of design. Plates alone probably won't cut it.
17-12-2011 16:30
Mk.32Well taking the feed back from above, here is take 2.

Literally a bearing block. With a pocket cut into the rail that allows it to slide about .25inch for tensioning. And two 1/8 plates that hold it in place.
18-12-2011 00:22
AdamHeard
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Well taking the feed back from above, here is take 2.
![]() Literally a bearing block. With a pocket cut into the rail that allows it to slide about .25inch for tensioning. And two 1/8 plates that hold it in place. |
18-12-2011 12:05
Basel A
Is the block+plates design better than just the plates at holding the bearing axes collinear just because of the added material constraining the bolts, or is there a more complicated explanation?
18-12-2011 12:20
Chris is me|
Is the block+plates design better than just the plates at holding the bearing axes collinear just because of the added material constraining the bolts, or is there a more complicated explanation?
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18-12-2011 13:51
JamesCH95|
Is the block+plates design better than just the plates at holding the bearing axes collinear just because of the added material constraining the bolts, or is there a more complicated explanation?
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18-12-2011 19:29
Basel A
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Both bearings are partially pressed into the same piece of material.
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The bearings are pressed into the same bore, so they are definitely coaxial.
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18-12-2011 19:48
AdamHeard
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The bearings are pressed into the same bore, so they are definitely coaxial.
I think that if the slots are cut in the frame rail that the plates become superfluous. Mk. 32, you may consider using flanged or heavy hex bolts and/or washers and omitting the side plates. |
19-12-2011 09:07
Brandon Holley
I think you've found a good solution there. Keep up the good work.
-Brando
19-12-2011 11:04
Richard Wallace
A few years ago, I had something like this bearing block fabricated for 931, courtesy of Jabba. He started with round bar stock.
19-12-2011 11:25
Akash Rastogi|
A few years ago, I had something like this bearing block fabricated for 931, courtesy of Jabba. He started with round bar stock.
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19-12-2011 11:41
Chris is me|
Was that done on a manual mill?
That looks great and easy to make! Looks like you could do the bore on a manual lathe with a DRO and then the rest on a mill with DRO. |
19-12-2011 12:45
Richard Wallace
19-12-2011 14:05
AlecMataloniThreads like this are one of the reasons I love this website so much.
The idea that a guy can post his designs on a website and people from across the world can pick apart his design and give their input on how to improve it, while the OP willingly changes his design accordingly is pretty darn awesome.
I hope this design sees a lot of success. It definitely has the potential.
19-12-2011 14:22
JesseKMcMaster # 9056K11 (or similar from a less expensive supplier) might be a good start for Richard's design.
Without a DRO, how would one check the bored diameter? Is the only way to start/stop the lathe constantly?
19-12-2011 14:25
Chris is me|
Without a DRO, how would one check the bored diameter? Is the only way to start/stop the lathe constantly?
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19-12-2011 14:30
JamesCH95|
McMaster # 9056K11 (or similar from a less expensive supplier) might be a good start for Richard's design.
Without a DRO, how would one check the bored diameter? Is the only way to start/stop the lathe constantly? |
19-12-2011 15:19
AdamHeard
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McMaster # 9056K11 (or similar from a less expensive supplier) might be a good start for Richard's design.
Without a DRO, how would one check the bored diameter? Is the only way to start/stop the lathe constantly? |
19-12-2011 15:23
Richard Wallace
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McMaster # 9056K11 (or similar from a less expensive supplier) might be a good start for Richard's design.
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19-12-2011 15:28
Mk.32For the press fit bearings, should the hole be something like .001 inch undersized? Or the same as the bearing diameter?
We have an HAAS CNC we can use, I am not sure if we have any reamers so I planed to just bore them out with a 1/2 milling bit.
19-12-2011 15:44
Brandon Holley
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Without a DRO, how would one check the bored diameter? Is the only way to start/stop the lathe constantly?
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01-02-2012 16:32
davidrk13is there any way of doing it with the wheels being off centered?
01-02-2012 16:36
EricH
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is there any way of doing it with the wheels being off centered?
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01-05-2012 20:15
zcoops97