I’m sorry your team had such a negative experience at Laguna. On the plus side, you can definitely only go up from here.
Most of the teams I’ve worked with spend considerable time over the summer and in the fall building up their students, and revising their curriculum. Approaching the game challenge, what you should get in advance of the season, maximizing your odds at event, and tons of other things are fairly specific. Familiarizing yourself with the components of a robot can be done via the documentation on screensteps live, and plenty of YouTube videos and online courses exist to address the specific types of technologies used on a FRC robot (like brushed DC motors for example). Screensteps Live is also a fairly good place to learn about robot programming if your team needs to learn about that too. Nobody is going to be an expert on this going in, so making sure that everyone is willing to teach one another to fill in the gaps (student to student, student to mentor, mentor to student, anything really.)
Ultimately though, it comes down to one question: What is your team’s goal?
Once that question is answered, you can start to work towards achieving it. If your goal was to attend the Championship for example, you’d have to answer the question “How do we qualify for Championship?” And you follow it all the way down.
As to specific training documents, Karthik Kanagasabapathy’s Effective FIRST Strategies, and Mike Corsetto’s Strategic Design talks are invaluable resources to approaching the season slightly better. JVN’s “Engineering Design Process for Robotics” is also an invaluable paper to understanding how 148 works (at least as of the time of him writing it.)
All that said though, the manual doesn’t change all that much year to year for robot construction rules. You can read a prior season’s manual to learn the process of analyzing the game, look at other robots and see why they did well. You also have almost two decades of robot photos available to you on Chief Delphi and The Blue Alliance for research and seeing how teams approached similar challenges in prior years.
I find it incredible that even after ranking dead last your team is still striving to improve and do amazing things. That’s what the program is all about. Feel free to reach out with any questions you might have you don’t want to ask on a public forum. 