The incentive to intentionally take losses has already been mentioned several times, but I want to highlight something that has only been touched on once so far:
Whoever ranks as #1 seed has earned the right to invite whomever they want. Nobody should be punished by the fact that they played well and in doing so become unselectable. The #1 seed should not be punished for their performance by having to play with the 9th best robot at the event, thereby hurting their chances at taking home a title. Yes, the alliances may be more “even”, but “even” is not the goal. The higher ranked teams are supposed have the opportunity to build the best alliance. That is, after all, the point of the qualification matches and rankings.
This of course assumes that the overall rankings are accurate, and that the #1 seed is in fact the best team, and the #2 seed is 2nd best and so on. If this is not the case, it’s still not any better:
(Note: when I say “best” team I mean the team which would be the best partner. There is no good way to define “best” otherwise, due to strategic choices.)
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The #1 seed is not the best team at the event but is better than the 10th best team at the event, and the best robot is in the top 8 (eg #2). The best team is hurt by not being able to accept an offer by the #1 seed, and has to settle for the 10th best robot, thereby hurting their chances at victory.
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The #1 seed is not the best team at the event and is worse than the 10th best team at the event, and the best robot is in the top 8 (eg #2). There is no effect by not being able to accept an offer by the #1 seed, because they would have declined anyways. The best team at the event would be unable to accept any other offers if they were lower than #2, but without in-picking, they wouldn’t be getting any other offers anyways.
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The #1 seed is not the best team at the event, but the best team is outside the top 8. They would have to accept the offer anyways to play in the elimination tournament, so this has practically no effect. With present day rules they could still decline and hope they move into the top 8 through in-picking, whereas forcing teams to pick outside the top 8 forces them to accept the offer. In practice, this *very *rarely happens.
In an hypothetical world where all teams build robots to do the same thing and the only gradation is how well they do it, and assuming the rankings are perfect, the #1 seed would chose the #2 seed, The #3 seed (moved up to #2 spot) would chose the #4 seed and so on. It was on this assumption that the previously alluded to “auto-pairing” rules were used in 2001, the infamous 4v0 game.
A brief history: the 2001 game had no traditional opponents. Rather, it was a competition to see which alliance could achieve the highest score. At the higher levels of play, the perfect score of 710 points was totally doable, and so eliminations were more of a test of who didn’t screw up. There were 5 teams on an alliance. Regionals had 4 alliances in the elimination round, championship divisions had 2 (divisions were therefore effectively CMP quarterfinals).
The first round of selection was automated. At the regional level, the #1 seed was assigned the #5 seed, the #2 seed given the #6 seed, and so on. At championships it was #1 with #3 and #2 with #4. After that teams got to chose. This was incredibly flawed, not only because the rankings are not necessarily accurate, but also because strategically, a variety of robot designs were necessary to achieve the highest score (unless you were one of the magical do-it-all robots like 71 that year, who fittingly won the championship because they were not only good, but it also basically didn’t matter who their partners were). The result was not only sandbagging, but also trying to get a specific seeding position. The first partners were not necessarily strategically compatible, so luck played a huge role.
Case in point: 71 was pretty much the best robot around. They could do it all, and really only needed partners to drive across the field and get their 10pts for making it to the end zone. Therefore, teams would want to either by in a position to auto-pair with them, wherever they seeded, or be low enough to not be part of the auto-pairing.
Auto-pairing is obviously an extreme example, but ultimately the integrity of the competition is based on the fact that the rankings allow teams to form the best alliance they can. Even if we assume everyone in FIRST is perfect and would never throw a match for strategic reasons, it’s still a dubious way to declare a winner. FIRST has already made an attempt at making alliances more “even” by implementing the serpentine draft format in 2006, and I think that’s as far as it should go.