Set of basic Engineering Formulas?

As a three year regional volunteer I see many many teams struggle with basic engineering concepts. Many teams struggle to have any mentors, much less a mechanical engineer mentor. I myself am a non-mechanical engineer mentor.

This year our team math wizard (student) walked us through force calculations needed to kick a 1 pound soccer ball from any point on the field into the goal (sadly we weren’t able to implement those calculations). A couple of our engineer mentors were doing some calculations for arms, springs, etc. I myself used the motor data xls and the wheel calculator here from CD.

In an effort to help those teams that don’t have engineering mentors, are there a set of basic engineering formulas/tools/principles that can be given to teams to help them get some basics right?

I am not looking for 3rd year mechanical formulas, but something that can help teams solve some basic problems, something along the 80/20 rule. Maybe even just being able to confidently calculate drivetrain speed and torque would be enough for some teams. After all, the purpose of FIRST is to inspire students to pursue a STEM career, not just be a garage tinkerer.

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To get started, click the “CD-Media” button in the banner and search under the “Papers” section with the keyword “Engineering.” You’ll find a lot of material here.

One of the questions I asked when interviewing teams for machine awards, especially anyone using pneumatics, is: How do you determine the approximate force of a piston.

A lot of teams couldn’t answer.
A lot of teams looked up the answer on a Bimba chart
Some actually answered with piston surface area x air pressure which was what I was looking for.

A more detailed answer can be found here: http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/pneumatic-cylinder-force-d_1273.html